The Function of Nervous System

Question: Portray the structure and the capacity of the sensory system. Answer: 1.1 Structure of the Central Nervous System and Sensory, Connector and Motor Neurons The Central Nervous System is considered as the preparing focal point of the whole sensory system. The CNS assumes a significant job in accepting and sending data o the fringe sensory system. Mind and Spinal Cord are the key segments of the CNS (Woolsay et al., 2013). The CNS is situated inside the dorsal body action such that the mind is situated in the cranial action and the spinal string inside the spinal channel. The cerebrum stays encased inside the skull and is ensured by the noggin and is essentially partitioned into three significant bits of the forebrain, midbrain, and the hindbrain. The spinal rope is a rotundly molded heap of nerve filaments that remaining parts associated with the cerebrum. The spinal string begins from the foramen magnum and ends generally in; level with the first or the second lumbar vertebra and along these lines possesses the upper area of the vertebral waterway (Whoolsey et al., 2013). Neurons are considered as the key unit of the sensory system. Fundamentally neurons comprise of nerve forms that are finger-like projections that reach out from the body of the nerve cell (Nieuwenhuys et al., 2014). The nerve p[processes in this manner principally comprise of axons dendrites that assume an essential job during the time spent condition and transmission of nerve drive. Basically neurons are extensively named the engine, tangible and the associating neurons (interneurons). Engine neuron helps in conveying data from the CNS to different organs while tactile neurons help with sending data from the interior organs to then CNS. The interfacing neuron lies in the middle of the tangible and the engine neuron and in this way assumes a key job in transmitting signals between the tactile and the engine neurons. 1.2 Transmission of Nerve motivation and Role of Chemical transmitters Transmission of nerve motivation happens starting with one neuron then onto the next by the development of a subsequent electric charge over the layer of the neuron. The film of an unstimulated neuron gets spellbound that helps in making a distinction in electric charge between the outside and afterward within the neuron layer. This procedure is known as the synaptic transmission and in this procedure; the flagging particles called the concoction transmitter's assumes a key job in transmitting the nerve drive starting with one finish of the neuron then onto the next. This is considered as a basic procedure that helps in giving correspondence between the two neighboring neurons. In react to the edge activity potential produced, a concoction transmitter is discharged toward one side of the pre-synaptic terminal (Nieuwenhuys et al., 2014). The discharged synapse at that point moves over the neurotransmitter to get tie with the receptor of the postsynaptic neuron either in an inhibitory or excitatory manner. This coupling is related with creating a transient change which remembers a change for the layer potential otherwise called the postsynaptic possibilities or may likewise start long haul changes by appropriate initiation of different sorts of flagging falls. Every neuron can have just about 15,000 associations with the nearby neurons (McDonald Sears, 2015). 1.3 Comparison among Voluntary and Reflex Action and Role of Autonomic Nervous System Willful activities are started in the mind (cerebral cortex locale) because of the arrangement of a specific idea. If there should be an occurrence of starting willful activities, drive first goes to the engine region situated at the horizontal side of the cerebral cortex and afterward the spinal string. Motivation in this manner disregards to the engine neuron and accordingly creates a noteworthy impact on the contrary side of the body which stresses on the way that the correct side of the mind controls the left half of the body and the other way around. This prompts easing back down of the different sorts of the long synaptic pathway. Reflex activity, then again, is started by incitement of a specific receptor. Motivation along these lines produced first goes to the dendrite and axons of the tactile neuron, and the through Synapse goes to the hand-off neuron situated in the dim issue close to the inside situation of the spinal line (McDonald Sears., 2015). This, thusly, is related with passing the motivation straightforwardly to the engine neuron which conveys the drive to the effectors that are identified with creating an activity on a similar side of the body. Just three cells and two neurotransmitters are included which thusly is related with indicating a faster reaction, and along these lines the auxiliary data leaves behind to the spinal string to the cerebrum and in this manner at that point subject gets mindful of the occasion. The essential job of the autonomic sensory system (ANS) is that it helps in managing the capacity of the inside organs, for example, the heart, digestion tracts, and the stomach. ANS additionally comprises a significant piece of the fringe sensory system and subsequently remains related with controlling a portion of the muscles of the body (Kierman Rajakumar, 2013). 1.4 Effect of Nicotine on transmission of Nerve drive Nicotine is considered as one of the strong triggers for transmitting nerve motivation in ganglia of the autonomic nerve framework. At little dosages, nicotine invigorates the ganglionic transmission while at high portions it just creates a contrary response. Nicotine invigorates the adrenal cortex to discharge a compound knows as catecholamines (Midlekauff, 2014). The Catecholamines in this manner discharged in little portions helps in better transmission of the nerve drive between the two neuron closes. Along these lines, it tends to be expressed that nicotine influences the neurotransmission by causing an expansion in the activity potential in the post-synaptic neuron which thus is related with makes more dopamine get discharged per vesicle (Hebebrand Verhulst, 2014). 100% (Ordinary) Over 350% (Nearness OF NICOTINE) References Hebebrand, J., Verhulst, F. (2014). Pre-birth hazard factors and postnatal focal sensory system function.European youngster pre-adult psychiatry,23(10), 857. Kiernan, J., Rajakumar, R. (2013).Barr's the human sensory system: an anatomical perspective. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. McDonald, W. I., Sears, T. A. (2015). The impacts of exploratory demyelination on conduction in the focal anxious system.Brain,93(3), 583-598. Middlekauff, H. R., Park, J., Moheimani, R. S. (2014). Antagonistic impacts of cigarette and noncigarette smoke introduction on the autonomic sensory system: instruments and suggestions for cardiovascular risk.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,64(16), 1740-1750. Nieuwenhuys, R., Hans, J., Nicholson, C. (2014).The focal sensory system of vertebrates. Springer. Woolsey, T. A., Hanaway, J., Gado, M. H. (2013).The mind map book: a visual manual for the human focal sensory system. John Wiley Sons.

Battle of the Boot

Battle of the Boot I was ecstatic. An educational video I had made for my IAP class was going to debut on the big screen. A white sheet would descend from the ceiling of the Simmons auditorium and display my work of many days. There’d be guests from serious organizations like OpenCourseWare, MITx, and MIT Admissions blogs. 20.219 Becoming the Next Bill Nye was to end with a magnificent ceremony for all students (who each created a video), and there’d be free food and interviews. I dubbed the event The Red Carpet Premiere. On this very special evening, I decided to dress up so I could walk straight past the rows of viewers. I donned my best cardigan and favorite boots. Underneath my shoes, I concealed the mark of laziness, two mismatched socks: one, a professional grey to match my shirt, and the other a neon yellow wonder, sprinkled lightly with East Campus dust. I had considered changing into better socks, but why would anyone ever check inside the boots? The walk to Simmons was regular. I marvelled at the West Campus landscape, the black night sky, and the tiny worm of the crescent moon. I was feeling pretty fancy then. At last, I reached the Simmons sponge. I leaned over slightly to pull the doorknob. My right foot slid down the boot’s incline My foot was not the only thing there. I had not put anything else in my boot. I was quite certain of that. But I still needed to check. The women’s bathroom in Simmons shone with a clean metallic glow. I locked myself inside one of the stalls and took off the boot. A giant cockroach sprung outside. It barely missed my hand. (let me shake my feet as I cringe at the recollection) I’m going to go graphic on you here. College fed cockroaches are fat, fast, and filthy. East Campus cockroaches have survived poison, stomping, and a professional all-floor kitchen raid, yet their skins remain glossy and smooth; their movements are full of vitality. In my stall, I tossed the boot as far as possible. I also prepared for an escape maneuver up the toilet seat as I waited for the creature to abandon its stuffy confines. The pest stormed out the boot and… (as I searched for the optimal way to get above ground) … ran back inside. Seriously, roach? There I was, sweating under a winter jacket, running late to the premiere of my own movie, and facing the most daunting task. Carefully, I reached for the roach’s domain and shook the shoe with the desperation of a failed killer. The cockroach would not come out. I shone a light inside the boot. Nothing there. Had the cockroach left when I wasn’t looking? For a blissful moment, I breathed in peace. Then I reached my fingers into the boot to ensure the bottom was clear. My fingertips hit the insects hard shell. Viciously, I ripped at the nearby toilet paper roll, wrapping my hand in the armor, and reached again. The beast was still there, and I prayed it was alive, because the combination of “corpse” and “cockroach” would not improve my torment. I looked around the stall for a sharp poker. Alas, the bathroom didnt provide one. The boot lay between me and the door, but I could still escape. I did not care about leaving my footwear in the Simmons bathroom. I needed to get out. The roach had won. Then I remembered my neon sock sprinkled with East Campus dust. And the grey sock. For years, I had worn perfectly matched socks to avoid this embarrassment, until the one day it mattered. I couldn’t possibly walk to the premiere like that, not with the ugly mistake glowing neon in everyone’s faces. I couldn’t hobble with only one boot. I couldn’t defeat the roach. I could only remain late, sweaty, and miserable With a final surge of courage, I grabbed the boot by its tip, and shook. And shook… And the roach left. Terrified of its victor, it hid two stalls down. I zipped up my trophy and marched to the premiere, the toes of my right foot curled so as not to touch the cockroach’s former domain. It could have laid eggs. (Note: it could not. I’m pretty sure.) Safely at the auditorium, I got food and engaged in conversation. All was well, and I wasn’t even the last student to come in, so, really, the roach didn’t do that much damage. The ordeal was over. Now onto the fun part of the evening Then the 20.219 co-instructor arrived. “Have you been to Simmons before?” I heard snippets of her conversation. “I haven’t,” she responded, “And, you know, I thought it was a really nice dorm. I went in, and the bathroom seemed very clean. Then I saw this giant cockroach on the floor…” From the stage below, I defended Simmons’ honor. “That cockroach came from my boot. It’s an East Campus roach.” Never thought I’d say those words. Where was the cockroach from? My boot. THE END BONUS Facts about Cockroaches (that prove they’re actually awesome): To note among roaches is Nadezhda (translated as “Hope”), a cockroach sent into space by Russian scientists during the Foton-M test. It became the first terrestrial creature to give birth in space. Some cockroaches have been known to live up to three months without food and a month without water. They can go without air for 45 minutes or submerged underwater for half an hour. Cockroaches can even live for a week without their heads. A 2007 Japanese research found that cockroaches have memory, enabling them to form Pavlovian reflexes (learning!). The researchers taught cockroaches to salivate in response to neutral stimuli like the Russian scientist Pavlov did a century ago with dogs. This kind of intelligent salivating response was previously proven only in humans, apes, dogs and other mammals. The process of using compounds extracted from roaches has shown potential in remedying burns, heart disease, hepatitis, trauma, etc. The cockroach is considered one of the fastest running insects. One roach registered a record speed of 5.4 km/h (3.4 mph), about 50 body lengths per second, which would be comparable to a human running at 330 km/h (210 mph). A one-day-old baby cockroach, which is about the size of a speck of dust, can run almost as fast as its parents. Cockroaches date back to the Carboniferous period (354â€"295 million years ago, before the dinosaurs!). The spines on the legs of roaches help in locomotion on difficult terrain. The structures have been used as inspiration for robotic legs. It is popularly suggested that cockroaches will inherit the earth if humanity destroys itself in a nuclear war. Cockroaches do indeed have a much higher radiation resistance than vertebrates, with the lethal dose perhaps six to fifteen times higher than that for humans. However, they are not exceptionally radiation-resistant compared to other insects, such as the fruit fly. (Sources: one, two, three, and four)

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Review Assignment - 275 Words

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Review Assignment (Book Review Sample) Content: Covey 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleNameInstitution Covey 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleCoveys Seven Habits of Highly Effective People have greatly changed my life in a positive manner. Because no one is born effective, it is great to recognize these habits may be learned in life. They clearly are not quick fixes, as whatever thing, which comes easy goes in the same way it came. The habits take time and are a trip of invariable self-analysis, as well as fine-tuning those elements, which we understand must be be a part of the process. Furthermore, the good thing is that human beings have to figure it out all alone. This book gives us overwhelming guidelines and steps to create an effective life, which has been confirmed victorious in a personal and professional sense. One thing we must keep in mind though is that integrity and primary goodness are key qualities behind anything we do. If these are not genuine in our lives, our true motives will creep out wh en life problems come our way, and the short-term success will be substituted by human relationship failure (Covey, 2004). According to the book, change may be painful to undertake in life, and consequently the desire to change our habits should have and be motivated by a higher purpose and one must have the enthusiasm to lower what we think we want now for what we know we want later. In the book, patience is another important quality, because acquiring the seven habits described are not something that one can achieve from one day to another (Covey, 2004). The book guides us through the stages of character development. Thus, the habits 1 to 3 are under the private victory stage in which we go from resilience to individuality by taking responsibility f...

Benefits Of Urban Community Gardening - 1251 Words

Benefits of Urban Community Gardening Melinda L. Smith Charter Oak State College Research question What are the significant benefits offered through urban community gardening, which would cause one to participate in the practice? Thesis statement There are many advantages to participation in community gardening because gardening reduces air pollution and heat islands, helps in crime prevention, and most significant of all can affect one’s health. Literature Review Kathleen Wolf and Alicia Robbins presented different benefits in the article â€Å"Metro Nature, Environmental Health and Economic Value† in an effort to present the economic values associated with exposure to nature outline many of the positive advantages associated with ones exposure to different elements of nature, such as urban greenspaces. Important health benefits relate to reduced air pollution and increases to an active lifestyle. The additional physical activity helps to reduce obesity, lower blood pressure, and produce extended life spans. In the survey â€Å"Allotment Gardening and Health: A Comparative Survey† other positive benefits associated with gardening are identified. While the article is written to compare the different effects of allotment gardening compared to those people without allotments, generally the overall advantages associated with gardening are recognized regardless of whether a gardener is working with a small group of family members or a larger group of community gardeners.Show MoreRelatedThe Food Areas Of The United States Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pageslocally grown and produced food is a problem that exists, whether people realize it or not. Per the Food Access Research Atlas, provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, there are 8,959 food deserts in the united states as of 2010  ¹. An Urban Food desert is any location deprived of supermarkets and other access to fresh fruits and vegetables, which usually plagues places of lower socioeconomic status. The low demand fo r food is attributed to lack of affordability and education, and perceptiblyRead MoreCommunity Gardens And Green Spaces1421 Words   |  6 Pagestheir neighborhoods by showing that community gardens increase property value as well as improve the emotional and physical well-being of their citizens who participate in the project. Additionally, community fruit and vegetable gardens can help provide fresh produce for residents on fixed incomes for little to no cost outside of volunteer time. Audience My ideal audience will consist of community leaders, urban planners, neighborhood improvement groups, gardening clubs and the ordinary citizens ofRead MoreBlack Culture And Its Effects On Society1264 Words   |  6 PagesUrban areas are known for their large amounts of minority populations while rural areas are usually associated with people of Caucasian descent. The word ‘urban’ has become synonymous with the phrase, inner city. Historically, these terms strengthen the idea of â€Å"white flight† which is defined as â€Å"the departure of whites from places (such as urban neighborhoods or schools) increasingly or predominantly populated by minorities† (Merriam-Webster). Both of these words are often used as adjectives toRead MoreEssay on Community Action Plan: Urban Garden at School700 Words   |  3 PagesThe Southglenn community in Centennial, Colorado, is a popular community for families to raise children. The excellent school system is one of the many features that draw families to the area. However, the community schools could benefit from increasing the nutritional value in the lunches. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) discusses the importance of good nutrition for a child’s growth and development. Additionally, nutrition education should be included in the school’s curriculumRead MoreUrban Farming1169 Words   |  5 PagesWikipedia Edit Watch this page Urban agriculture An urban farm in Chicago Urban agriculture, urban farming or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.[1] Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture. These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.[2] Urban agriculture can reflect varyingRead MoreVacant Lot Garden Lab Report1576 Words   |  7 Pagesgov/dcp/CommunityGardenToolkit_Final_(CLS_20120530)_20110207_(1).pdf Model Lease page 8) (http://apps.pittsburghpa.gov/dcp/VLTK_12-8-15.pdf Flow chart for process that Pittsburgh uses on page 10) c. Water Access? b. Preliminary Preparations a. Do a little research! Extension’s A Taste of Gardening is a great choice; find it at http://extension.illinois.edu/tog/. Additionally, this resource book will help to prepare you for what’s to come! b. Soil Testing i. Testing your soil is an important first step to a successful garden. The initial soilRead MoreBenefits Of Promoting Growing Your Own Food And Its Nutritional Value1509 Words   |  7 Pagesthere are more than 40 school-based community gardens. These are projects on a much smaller scale than what I’m proposing. The benefits of teaching youth the importance of growing your own food and its nutritional value would have a positive effect for decades to come. The Colorado School of Public Health has data on Denver Urban Garden efforts and how it has led to a tangible, positive change in the community’s health and food security. School-based community gardens help to create a bridge betweenRead MoreThe Economic Development Foundation ( Saedf ) Essay978 Words   |  4 Pageslocal food in a green environment which requires communal investment in a community asset for success. Increased exercise, education, and environmental awareness are qualitative measures of success. Th e project, community gardening, should promote home gardening skills, thus increasing self-sufficiency. There are presently thirty community gardens in central San Antonio - none exists on the northwest side of the city (â€Å"Community Gardens† 2016). There are no specific regulations or policies related toRead MoreUrban Agriculture Essay example1627 Words   |  7 Pagesthree quarters of the general population lives in urban areas, leaving one mere quarter in rural locations, the result is a loss of association with the rural upbringings of our societies history. Within the article Urban Agriculture And Sustainable Cities its authors comment: â€Å"Large cities, not villages and towns, are becoming our main habitat. Urban growth is changing the face of the earth and the condition of humanity. In one century, global urban populations have expanded from 15 to 50% of theRead MoreCommunity Gardens As Alternative For Industrial Agriculture2442 Words   |  10 PagesCommunity Gardens as Possible Alternative to Industrial Agriculture Using Case Studies in Queensland, Australia Brief History and Context: Community gardening is â€Å"a solution emerging from grassroots environmental and food movements† (Nettle 2010) While community gardens are often discussed as a progressive, new practice in sustainability, community gardens have actually been cultivated â€Å"since at least the nineteenth century,† when community gardens were grown by many working-class neighbourhoods

Current Expansion Strategy - QAF Limited - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1325 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Current expansion strategy According to Hsu (2010), a company that is completely separate entity from parent company or holding company is known as wholly owned subsidiary. Gardenia Bakeries is wholly owned subsidiaries by QAF Limited. In such the Gardenia Bakeries is in each country runs on their own operations and QAF Limited holds all of the subsidiarys common stock. However, the parent company has the right to appoint board of directors for the subsidiary in order to control and guide the subsidiaries actions. Hsu (2010), stated that the subsidiary will hire employee technically but not by the parent company. Therefore, wholly owned subsidiaries enable QAF Limited as the parent company to maintain procedures and guide the action of subsidiary in different geographic areas such as Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia and China, providing their own assortment of available product. Moreover, wholly owned subsidiaries may be part of the same industry as the parent company or a part of different industry. QAF Limited takes advantage of the structure of a wholly-owned subsidiary for several reasons. The company faces difficulties to operate business in another country where the licensing and regulatory environment makes it hard to create a new company, so subsidiary would be more feasible in the particular country (Eicher Kang, 2005). QAF Limited has the advantage of an existing company which controls the operation of Gardenia Bakeries in the particular location with such structure. Besides, there is no risk of losing technical competence to a competitor. Furthermore, Gardenia Bakeries can realize learning curve and location economies through wholly owned subsidiary. So Gardenia Bakeries is able to diversify its operations to be less susceptible to market fluctuations and it will have a patent on technology or processes that are valuable to the parent company. In addition, the profit or loss of all the Gardenia subsidiaries is consolidated into QAF Limited. Gardenia may gain benefit from the financial strength of the parent company and its management expertise, but the management of the subsidiary may also be significantly handcuffed by restrictions on its operational decisions and autonomy enforced by the parent company. An exception occurs when the subsidiary management has knowledge or experience not readily available outside the subsidiarys operations (Hsu, 2010). The facilities of Gardenia were designed with expertise and it is using a computerized bread-making technology from US and Europe. Gardenia cooperates with equipment suppliers from Germany, Netherlands and United States to assure the standard in the production process. Moreover, Gardenia implements mass promotions to reach the market. For instance, it promotes its products through mass media such as television to ensure customers remember about their existing products. Gardenia Singapore Since 1986, there were no bread eaters in Singapore when QAF acqui red Gardenia. Due to busy lifestyle of Singaporeans, bread has evolved as a healthy breakfast food for them. Besides, Singaporeans are more aware of health and nutrition and have excitement to try new things. Hence, Gardenia takes this opportunity to expand their business in Singapore as a wholly owned subsidiary. This is a great opportunity for the company to target consumers with high nutrition of bread since the citizens are trying to concern of their health and dietary needs. Despite the challenging environment and intense competition from other manufacturers and the retail bake shops, Gardenia Singapore was able to deliver a good result with higher revenue and an improvement in profitability. The subsidiary is able to realize location and experience economies as it is supported by QAF Groupà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s good performance in a difficult economic environment. So Gardenia Singapore is able to strengthen its core competencies and maintain its top position in Singapore. Gard enia maintained its top leadership position in Singapore by releasing several new products and by launching a successful new branding campaign. It has expands its distribution network to 3000 distribution points which can help it easily to reach more consumers on a daily basis. It is committed to provide the Singaporeans with the finest quality bread with hard work distribution team. Gardenia Singapore faces some disadvantages in Singapore too. It is risky and high cost for Gardenia Singapore launches its business in the country with high competition from other manufacturers. Due to Singaporeans are more aware of health and nutrition, the company has to import high quality milk-related products from Australia which cost it a lot in order to avoid melamine scandal. On the other hands, Gardenia Singapore riskily priced and marketed its products such as the branded loaf with the highest calcium content at lowest price to combat with competitors. However, the financial advantages gain by Gardenia Singapore include simpler reporting and more financial resources as QAF Group will use Gardenia Singaporeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s earnings to grow the business or invest in other assets and businesses to generate a higher rate of return (Cantwell Narula, 2003).So both companies integrate their financial and other information technology systems to reduce cost and easier the business processes. Gardenia Philippines Gardenia Bakeries in Philippines is one of the most widely distributed brands in the country which is a wholly owned subsidiary of QAF Limited. After claiming leadership in the local bread market in just over three years in operation, the company is set for a large expansion in the Philippines with the help of financial resources from QAF Group. The company offers a wide range of bakery products Gardenia Philippines made some changes in its bread formula and process to meet the needs of Filipino as Filipino likes to have lighter color and sweeter taste br ead. However, prices of the bread are adjusted according to the price of flour in the country. Due to melamine scandal, Gardenia Bakeries in Philippines always concerns about freshness, food quality and safety. So this is a costly stage for the company to handle such scandal and improve its product quality by promising the consumers that it only uses high quality and standard ingredients such as milk sources which are ordered from USA, Australia and New Zealand. On the other hands, the company invests in another new production line in order to increase the capability of producing loaves with the help of QAF Group. QAF Group usually maintains direct or indirect operational control over Gardenia Philippines. The parent company often initiates management changes at its subsidiary in order to negotiate better terms and conditions with suppliers. So Gardenia Philippines can take advantage of QAF Groupà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s management and technical expertise. Besides, the subsidiary ca n also reduce administrative overlap and have a better new product development and launch initiatives. However, risk and loss of operational flexibility are the disadvantages of operational control by QAF Group. The parent company only relies on Gardenia Philippines to develop a distribution channel, hire a sales force and build a customer base. In addition, the operational risk is focused in Gardenia Philippines rather than spread across multiple entities and depends entirely on Gardenia Philippines execution. Furthermore, Gardenia Philippines also adopts joint venture as the alternatives structure to expand its distribution channel. In such, it can access to local partnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s knowledge and share development costs and risks with partner (Meyer, 2001). For example, Gardenia Philippines became business partner with Shell for massive distribution effort and costly projects. It shares the costs and participates in the profits. However, decision-making could be slow in partnership because of multiple management levels (Tang Liu,2011). References Cantwell J, Narula R (2003). International Business and the Eclectic Paradigm: Developing the OLI Framework. Routledge, London. pp304 Eicher T, Kang JW (2005). Trade, foreign direct investment or acquisition: Optimal entry modes for multinationals. J. Dev. Econ., 77(1): 207-228. Hsu, C. (2000). Capital budgeting analysis in wholly owned subsidiaries. Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, 13(1). Meyer KE (2001). Institutions, transaction costs, and entry mode choice in Eastern Europe. J. Int. Bus. Stud., 32(2): 357-367. Tang, J. A., Liu, B. S. (2011). A Network Based Theory of Foreign Market Entry Mode and Post-Entry Performance. Teixeira, A. A., Grande, M. (2012). Entry mode choices of multinational companies (MNCs) and host countriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ corruption: A review. African Journal of Business Management, 6(27), 7942-7958. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Current Expansion Strategy QAF Limited" essay for you Create order

The Legend of Shaolin Monk Warriors

The Shaolin Monastery is the most famous temple in China, renown for its kung fu fighting Shaolin monks. With amazing feats of strength, flexibility, and pain-endurance, the Shaolin have created a worldwide reputation as the ultimate Buddhist warriors. Yet Buddhism is generally considered to be a peaceful religion with an emphasis on principles such as non-violence, vegetarianism, and even self-sacrifice to avoid harming others — how, then, did the monks of Shaolin Temple become fighters? The history of Shaolin begins about 1500 years ago, when a stranger arrived in China from lands to the west, bringing with him a new interpretation religion and spans all the way to modern-day China where tourists from around the world come to experience displays of their ancient martial arts and teachings. Origin of the Shaolin Temple Legend says that around 480 CE a wandering Buddhist teacher came to China from ​India, known as Buddhabhadra, Batuo or Fotuo in Chinese.  According to later, Chan — or in Japanese, Zen — Buddhist tradition, Batuo taught that Buddhism could best be transmitted from master to student, rather than through the study of Buddhist texts. In 496, the Northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen gave  Batuo  funds to establish a monastery at holy Mt. Shaoshi in the Song mountain range, 30 miles from the imperial capital of Luoyang. This temple was named Shaolin, with Shao taken from Mount Shaoshi and   lin meaning grove — however, when Luoyang and the Wi Dynasty fell in 534, temples in the area were destroyed, possibly including Shaolin. Another Buddhist teacher was Bodhidharma, who came from either India or Persia. He famously refused to teach Huike, a Chinese disciple, and Huike cut off his own arm to prove his sincerity, becoming the Bodhidharmas first student as a result. The Bodhidharma also reportedly spent 9 years in silent meditation in a cave above Shaolin, and one legend says that he fell asleep after seven years, and cut off his own eyelids so that it could not happen again — the eyelids turned into the first tea bushes when they hit the soil. Shaolin in the Sui and Early Tang Eras Around 600, Emperor Wendi of the new Sui Dynasty,  who was a committed Buddhist himself despite his Confucianism court,  awarded Shaolin a 1,400-acre estate plus the right to grind grain with a water mill. During that time,  the Sui reunified China but his reign lasted only 37 years. Soon, the country once more dissolved into the fiefs of competing warlords. Shaolin Temples fortunes rose with the ascension of the Tang Dynasty in 618, formed by a rebel official from the Sui court. Shaolin monks famously fought for Li Shimin against the warlord Wang Shichong. Li would go on to be the second Tang emperor. Despite their earlier assistance, Shaolin and Chinas other Buddhist temples faced numerous purges and in 622 Shaolin was shut down and the monks forcibly returned to lay life. Just two years later, the temple was allowed to reopen due to the military service its monks had rendered to the throne, but in 625, Li Shimin returned 560 acres to the monasterys estate. Relations with the emperors were uneasy throughout the 8th century, but Chan Buddhism blossomed across China and in 728, the monks erected a stele engraved with stories of their military aid to the throne as a reminder to future emperors. The Tang to Ming Transition and Golden Age In 841, the Tang Emperor Wuzong feared the power of the Buddhists so he razed almost all of the temples in his empire and had the monks defrocked or even killed. Wuzong idolized his ancestor Li Shimin, however, so he spared Shaolin. In 907, the Tang Dynasty fell and the chaotic 5 Dynasties and 10 Kingdom periods ensued with the Song family eventually prevailing and taking rulership of the region until 1279. Few records of Shaolins fate during this period survive, but it is known that in  1125, a shrine was built to the Bodhidharma, a half mile from Shaolin. After the Song fell to invaders, the Mongol Yuan Dynasty  ruled until 1368, destroying the Shaolin once more as its empire crumbled during the 1351 Hongjin (Red Turban) rebellion. Legend states that a Bodhisattva, disguised as a kitchen worker, saved the temple, but it was in fact burned to the ground. Still, by the 1500s, the monks of Shaolin were famous for their staff-fighting skills. In 1511, 70 monks died fighting bandit armies and between 1553 and 1555, the monks were mobilized to fight in at least four battles against Japanese pirates. The next century saw the development of Shaolins empty-hand fighting methods. However, the monks fought on the Ming side in the 1630s and lost. Shaolin in the Early Modern and Qing Era In 1641, rebel leader Li Zicheng destroyed the monastic army, sacked Shaolin and killed or drove away from the monks before going on to take Beijing in 1644, ending the Ming Dynasty. Unfortunately, he was driven out in turn by the Manchus who founded the Qing Dynasty. Shaolin Temple lay mostly deserted for decades and the last abbot, Yongyu, left without naming a successor in 1664. Legend says that a group of Shaolin monks rescued the Kangxi Emperor from nomads in 1674. According to the story, envious officials then burned down the temple, killing most of the monks and Gu Yanwu traveled to the remains of Shaolin in 1679 to record its history. Shaolin slowly recovered from being sacked, and in 1704, the Kangxi Emperor made a gift of his own calligraphy to signal the temples return to imperial favor.  The monks had learned caution, however, and empty-hand fighting began to displace weapons training — it was best not to seem too threatening to the throne. In 1735 to 1736, the emperor Yongzheng and his son Qianlong decided to renovate Shaolin and cleanse its grounds of fake monks — martial artists who affected monks robes without being ordained. The Qianlong Emperor even visited Shaolin in 1750  and wrote poetry about its beauty, but later banned monastic martial arts. Shaolin in the Modern Era During the nineteenth century, the monks of Shaolin were accused of violating their monastic vows by eating meat, drinking alcohol and even hiring prostitutes. Many saw vegetarianism as impractical for warriors, which is probably why government officials sought to impose it upon Shaolins fighting monks. The temples reputation received a serious blow during the Boxer Rebellion of 1900 when Shaolin monks were implicated — probably incorrectly — in teaching the Boxers martial arts. Again in 1912, when Chinas last imperial dynasty fell due to its weak position compared with intrusive European powers, the country fell into chaos, which ended only with the victory of the Communists under Mao Zedong in 1949. Meanwhile, in 1928, the warlord Shi Yousan burned down 90% of the Shaolin Temple, and much of it would not be rebuilt for 60 to 80 years. The country eventually came under Chairman Maos rule, and monastic Shaolin monks fell from cultural relevance.   Shaolin Under Communist Rule At first, Maos government did not bother with what was left of Shaolin. However, in accordance with Marxist doctrine, the new government was officially atheist. In 1966, the Cultural Revolution broke out and Buddhist temples were one of the Red Guards primary targets. The few remaining Shaolin monks were flogged through the streets and then jailed, and Shaolins texts, paintings, and other treasures were stolen or destroyed. This might have finally been the end of Shaolin, if not for the 1982 film Shaolin Shi  or Shaolin Temple, featuring the debut of Jet Li (Li Lianjie). The movie was based very loosely on the story of the monks aid to Li Shimin and became a huge smash hit in China. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, tourism exploded at Shaolin, reaching more than 1 million people per year by the end of the 1990s. Shaolins monks are now among the best known on Earth, and they put on martial arts displays in world capitals with  literally thousands of films having been made about their exploits. Batuos Legacy Its hard to imagine what the first abbot of Shaolin would think if he could see the temple now. He might be surprised and even dismayed by the amount of bloodshed in the temples history and its use in modern culture as a tourist destination. However, to survive the tumult that has characterized so many periods of Chinese history, the monks of Shaolin had to learn the skills of warriors, most of important of which was survival. Despite a number of attempts to erase the temple, it survives and even thrives today at the base of the Songshan Range.

Persuasive Essay On Gun Control - 792 Words

Overpowering the media, firearms have adapted the image of protest signs in a fight for limitation on the weapon’s usage. While the right to bear arms is the Second Amendment, stricter gun control should be implemented in America due to suicide gun deaths, the guns per person statistics that connect to the violence, and the public mass shootings that are commonly occurring in comparison to other countries around the globe. In contradiction to what most believe, the majority of gun deaths are suicides. Not always broadcasted in the media, gun-related suicides are extremely important because they represent the reason for gun control. Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the United States have a mental illness (NAMI), and can also purchase a†¦show more content†¦Researchers found that 40% of citizens own or live in a home with guns, while 48% of children grow up knowing they are in arm’s reach of a weapon (Fox). This can be especially dangerous if the child lives in an abusive household or experiences mental instability because the risk of a violence outbreak is higher. Not only has America grown up with guns, but 66% of gun owners own multiple firearms and  ¾ â€Å"couldn’t imagine not owning one† (Lopez). The dependence on firearms throughout America creates an obsession/attachment to the weapon, that with unfortunate mental imbalance can create a violent response to certain â€Å"trigger† situations. A restraint on the amount of guns each homeowner possesses can overall lower the possibility of a firearm in the hands of an individual who could do harm. Most alarming, there are more public mass shootings in America than any other country in the world (Lopez). One can argue that gun homicides have declined over the last few decades (assumed to be because of mass incarceration and better policing) (Lopez), which is a positive aspect, but the danger of gun violence is still evident. In America’s 2017 so far there has b een 307 mass shootings (Las Vegas), with three in the last seventeen months setting records for being the nation’s most barbarous (Miller). The most recent, occurring on November 5th, took place in Texas at the First Baptist Church with an outcome of 25Show MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay : Gun Control798 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan are all countries that have stricter gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1753 Words   |  8 PagesPersuasive Essay Rough Draft The United States of America has a problem that is growing worse every day. American laws are not protecting its citizens from injury or death. You may think the mass shootings in America the guns used were bought illegally, but â€Å"since 1982, there have been at least 62 mass shooter carried out with firearms across the country, with the killings unfolding in 30 states from Massachusetts to Hawaii. Of the 139 guns possessed by the killers, more than three quarters wereRead More Persuasive Articles on Gun Control Essays607 Words   |  3 PagesPersuasive Articles on Gun Control Persuading an audience can be done in several different fashions, one of which is Hugh Rank’s Model of Persuasion. Rank’s model states that two major strategies are used to achieve the particular goal of persuasion. These strategies are nicely set into two main schemas; the first method is to exaggerate an aspect of something, known as â€Å"intensify.† While the second is to discredit it, which is referred to as â€Å"downplay.† Al Franken, Jeffrey SnyderRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1018 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, an America where no citizen, law abiding or not, has the legal ability to own guns. Three gunmen with fully automatic rifles walk into a crowded city and begin firing. No law abiding citizen can defend themselves. It’s hopeless. This future can only be prevented if Americans continue to keep the second amendment. We should keep the current gun control laws, but revise them to make them even better. Most gun own ers are responsible under the current laws, however, I think some laws need to beRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1245 Words   |  5 Pagesand time again. Due to recent tragedies involving firearms, the view of guns and peoples rights to own and operate firearms have been frowned upon and viewed in a bad light due to Media. News sources have cherrypicked pictures of tragedies and stories about bad instances of gun usage in order to fight for Gun Control and the suppression of Americans rights. Due to the recent Vegas shooting, the argument for Gun Control has never been more intense, and Media outlets are having a field day onRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control915 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically guns haven’t been a national issue. It is not until relatively recently that an overwhelming amount of people have been in favor of placing stricter laws on the owning of a fire arm. The call for gun control has become more prevalent in the eyes of the government and the people; the gun laws that are also often proposed are irrational and ineffective. One could not simply ban guns, it is comparable to banning a certain genre of music; it’s unachievable and would be a fruitless pursuitRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1745 Words   |  7 Pagescruelty to animals, and yet he was able to buy four guns legally (Rosenberg). That is the most recent example of why Americans need more gun control laws. Guns are not cool or makes you look good, they are a da ngerous piece of machinery that Americans take advantage of. The average American in the right mindset should not want to own anything more than one handgun or rifle for hunting or protecting their household. Gun control reform that limits gun ownership, enforces mandatory background checks, andRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1439 Words   |  6 Pagesreason why Americans own so many guns is because of the Second Amendment, which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† (Rauch) This amendment guarantees U.S. citizens the right to have firearms. Since this amendment is relatively vague, it is up for interpretation, and is often used by gun advocates to argue for lenient gun laws. Hence, gun control is a frequently discussed controversialRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1634 Words   |  7 PagesOver the recents years, there have been many arg uments about the issue of gun control at the state and national level. In California, there have been a variety of enacted laws within recent years to address the issue of growing gun violence around the country and ways to prevent terrorist attacks. California s new enacted laws about gun control in the state range from abolishing certain features on weapons to restricting certain handguns or other firearms a person might buy. The legislative branchRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1569 Words   |  7 Pagesstocks, which allowed the guns to fire hundreds of rounds per minute (Goldman). From this unspeakable atrocity, an abundant perspicuity is created, portraying that gun control laws are unable to prevent many violent actions, including mass shootings and other horrific events. Even a drastic increase in gun laws cannot prevent men that have irreproachable records from acting recklessly, or predict when an event such as this will happen. The thousands of homicides generated by guns per year are an especially